Phytonutrients may, in part, account for the benefits of whole plant foods in cancer prevention.
Plant-Based Prevention
The skin cancer we die of at 50 may have been because of a teenage sunburn. And those who eat dairy—milk, cheese, or yogurt—may have two and a half times the risk of certain bad skin cancers. These researchers did, however, find something so incredibly powerful that it cut skin cancer risk by about 50%—greens. Eating dark green leafy vegetables cuts our risk in half. Yes, but how many greens did these people have to eat?
Well, here’s the data. These are the people who ate the most greens, and had half the cancer risk—compared to these, who ate the least, averaging only six grams of greens a day. That’s the weight of six paper clips. They must have accidentally eaten the garnish—some sprig of parley next to their steak!
What about the highest tier of greens intake, cutting their squamous cell skin cancer risk in half? Just 31 grams of greens a day; 31 paper clips. That’s the equivalent of just three leaves of spinach. One, two, three leaves a day. Half the risk of this cancer. That’s how powerful greens are. My motto is, eat your greens, every day of your life, until you die.
Last year, there was even a greens review in American history. General George Washington, in 1777, gave the general order for American troops to go out and pick the wild greens growing around their camps to protect them from “all putrid disorders.” Smart man.
Just as eating meat increases our risk of cancer, eating plants decreases that risk. This study found that eating a lot of plant foods could cut our risk of getting breast cancer in half—thanks to dietary fiber. Remember, fiber is found only in plant foods. Animals have bones to hold them up; plants have fiber to hold them up. But only whole plant foods are good sources of fiber. Refined foods like white flour, white bread, white rice, and white pasta have much of the fiber and other nutrients stripped from them. Same with endometrial cancer. Lots of animal protein and animal fat, we get nearly twice the risk; lots of plant protein and plant fat, nearly half the risk.
97,000 women studied. Ovarian cancer, another really horrific cancer. Lots of isoflavones cut our risk in half. What’s the top source of isoflavones? Soy foods. Though soy-based meat alternatives often lack the fiber of whole plant foods, compare plant to animal bacon. Same serving size, but Babe over here has four times the calories, 50 times the fat, 40 times the saturated fat, infinitely more cholesterol, and only a quarter of the protein—and increases our cancer risk, while the soy-based bacon may decrease that risk.
It’s simple, right? High fruit, low meat, less tumors. I’m not just being selective with these studies. I have for years challenged anyone to produce a single study showing more cancer on a plant-based diet. Frankly, no such study exists.
Another huge study: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. More plants; less cancer. Why? Dietary lignan intake. Lignans are one class of thousands of compounds called phytonutrients. Phyto- means plant. These are special plant nutrients. Best source of lignans on the planet? Flax seeds.
To see any graphs, charts, graphics, images, and quotes to which Dr. Greger may be referring, watch the above video. This is just an approximation of the audio contributed by veganmontreal.
Please consider volunteering to help out on the site.
- M. C. Hughes, J. C. van der Pols, G. C. Marks, and A. C. Green. Food intake and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in a community: The nambour skin cancer cohort study. Int. J. Cancer, 119(8):1953-1960, 2006.
- J. E. Cade, V. J. Burley, and D. C. Greenwood. Dietary fibre and risk of breast cancer in the uk women's cohort study. Int J Epidemiol, 36(2):431-438, 2007.
- W. H. Xu, Q. Dai, Y. B. Xiang, G. M. Zhao, Z. X. Ruan, J. R. Cheng, W. Zheng, and X. O. Shu. Nutritional factors in relation to endometrial cancer: A report from a population-based case-control study in shanghai, china. Int. J. Cancer, 120(8):1776{1781, 2007.
- E. T. Chang, V. S. Lee, A. J. Canchola, C. A. Clarke, D. M. Purdie, P. Reynolds, H. Anton-Culver, L. Bernstein, D. Deapen, D. Peel, R. Pinder, R. K. Ross, D. O. Stram, D. W. West, W. Wright, A. Ziogas, and P. L. Horn-Ross. Diet and risk of ovarian cancer in the california teachers study cohort. Am. J. Epidemiol., 165(7):802{813, 2007.
- G. L. Austin, L. S. Adair, J. A. Galanko, C. F. Martin, J. A. Satia, and R. S. Sandler. A diet high in fruits and low in meats reduces the risk of colorectal adenomas. Journal of Nutrition, 137(4):999, 2007.
- McCann SE, Kulkarni S, Trevisan M, Vito D, Nie J, Edge SB, Muti P, Freudenheim JL. Dietary lignan intakes and risk of breast cancer by tumor estrogen receptor status. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2006 Oct;99(3):309-11. Epub 2006 Mar 16.
- Grivetti, Louis E. PhD; Corlett, Jan L. PhD; Gordon, Bertram M. PhD; Lockett, Cassius T. PhD. Food in American History Food in American History: Part 10. Greens: Part 1. Vegetable Greens in a Historical Context Nutrition Today: March/April 2007 - Volume 42 - Issue 2 - pp 88-94.
Image thanks to Ted Major via Flickr.
- animal fat
- animal protein
- bacon
- bread
- breast cancer
- cardiovascular disease
- cholesterol
- colon cancer
- fiber
- flaxseeds
- grains
- greens
- heart disease
- isoflavones
- lignans
- meat substitutes
- oils
- ovarian cancer
- ovary health
- pasta
- phytoestrogens
- phytonutrients
- plant protein
- processed foods
- protein
- rice
- skin cancer
- soy
- spinach
- vegetarians
- wheat
- women's health
The skin cancer we die of at 50 may have been because of a teenage sunburn. And those who eat dairy—milk, cheese, or yogurt—may have two and a half times the risk of certain bad skin cancers. These researchers did, however, find something so incredibly powerful that it cut skin cancer risk by about 50%—greens. Eating dark green leafy vegetables cuts our risk in half. Yes, but how many greens did these people have to eat?
Well, here’s the data. These are the people who ate the most greens, and had half the cancer risk—compared to these, who ate the least, averaging only six grams of greens a day. That’s the weight of six paper clips. They must have accidentally eaten the garnish—some sprig of parley next to their steak!
What about the highest tier of greens intake, cutting their squamous cell skin cancer risk in half? Just 31 grams of greens a day; 31 paper clips. That’s the equivalent of just three leaves of spinach. One, two, three leaves a day. Half the risk of this cancer. That’s how powerful greens are. My motto is, eat your greens, every day of your life, until you die.
Last year, there was even a greens review in American history. General George Washington, in 1777, gave the general order for American troops to go out and pick the wild greens growing around their camps to protect them from “all putrid disorders.” Smart man.
Just as eating meat increases our risk of cancer, eating plants decreases that risk. This study found that eating a lot of plant foods could cut our risk of getting breast cancer in half—thanks to dietary fiber. Remember, fiber is found only in plant foods. Animals have bones to hold them up; plants have fiber to hold them up. But only whole plant foods are good sources of fiber. Refined foods like white flour, white bread, white rice, and white pasta have much of the fiber and other nutrients stripped from them. Same with endometrial cancer. Lots of animal protein and animal fat, we get nearly twice the risk; lots of plant protein and plant fat, nearly half the risk.
97,000 women studied. Ovarian cancer, another really horrific cancer. Lots of isoflavones cut our risk in half. What’s the top source of isoflavones? Soy foods. Though soy-based meat alternatives often lack the fiber of whole plant foods, compare plant to animal bacon. Same serving size, but Babe over here has four times the calories, 50 times the fat, 40 times the saturated fat, infinitely more cholesterol, and only a quarter of the protein—and increases our cancer risk, while the soy-based bacon may decrease that risk.
It’s simple, right? High fruit, low meat, less tumors. I’m not just being selective with these studies. I have for years challenged anyone to produce a single study showing more cancer on a plant-based diet. Frankly, no such study exists.
Another huge study: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. More plants; less cancer. Why? Dietary lignan intake. Lignans are one class of thousands of compounds called phytonutrients. Phyto- means plant. These are special plant nutrients. Best source of lignans on the planet? Flax seeds.
To see any graphs, charts, graphics, images, and quotes to which Dr. Greger may be referring, watch the above video. This is just an approximation of the audio contributed by veganmontreal.
Please consider volunteering to help out on the site.
- M. C. Hughes, J. C. van der Pols, G. C. Marks, and A. C. Green. Food intake and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in a community: The nambour skin cancer cohort study. Int. J. Cancer, 119(8):1953-1960, 2006.
- J. E. Cade, V. J. Burley, and D. C. Greenwood. Dietary fibre and risk of breast cancer in the uk women's cohort study. Int J Epidemiol, 36(2):431-438, 2007.
- W. H. Xu, Q. Dai, Y. B. Xiang, G. M. Zhao, Z. X. Ruan, J. R. Cheng, W. Zheng, and X. O. Shu. Nutritional factors in relation to endometrial cancer: A report from a population-based case-control study in shanghai, china. Int. J. Cancer, 120(8):1776{1781, 2007.
- E. T. Chang, V. S. Lee, A. J. Canchola, C. A. Clarke, D. M. Purdie, P. Reynolds, H. Anton-Culver, L. Bernstein, D. Deapen, D. Peel, R. Pinder, R. K. Ross, D. O. Stram, D. W. West, W. Wright, A. Ziogas, and P. L. Horn-Ross. Diet and risk of ovarian cancer in the california teachers study cohort. Am. J. Epidemiol., 165(7):802{813, 2007.
- G. L. Austin, L. S. Adair, J. A. Galanko, C. F. Martin, J. A. Satia, and R. S. Sandler. A diet high in fruits and low in meats reduces the risk of colorectal adenomas. Journal of Nutrition, 137(4):999, 2007.
- McCann SE, Kulkarni S, Trevisan M, Vito D, Nie J, Edge SB, Muti P, Freudenheim JL. Dietary lignan intakes and risk of breast cancer by tumor estrogen receptor status. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2006 Oct;99(3):309-11. Epub 2006 Mar 16.
- Grivetti, Louis E. PhD; Corlett, Jan L. PhD; Gordon, Bertram M. PhD; Lockett, Cassius T. PhD. Food in American History Food in American History: Part 10. Greens: Part 1. Vegetable Greens in a Historical Context Nutrition Today: March/April 2007 - Volume 42 - Issue 2 - pp 88-94.
Image thanks to Ted Major via Flickr.
- animal fat
- animal protein
- bacon
- bread
- breast cancer
- cardiovascular disease
- cholesterol
- colon cancer
- fiber
- flaxseeds
- grains
- greens
- heart disease
- isoflavones
- lignans
- meat substitutes
- oils
- ovarian cancer
- ovary health
- pasta
- phytoestrogens
- phytonutrients
- plant protein
- processed foods
- protein
- rice
- skin cancer
- soy
- spinach
- vegetarians
- wheat
- women's health
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Plant-Based Prevention
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Content URLDoctor's Note
Learn more about the cancer-fighting power of phytonutrients:
- Cancer, Interrupted: Garlic & Flavonoids
- Eating Green to Prevent Cancer
- Cancer, Interrupted: Green Tea
- Black Raspberries versus Oral Cancer
For more on phytonutrients and melanoma:
- Back to Our Roots: Curry and Cancer
- Cooked Beans or Sprouted Beans?
- Phytates for Rehabilitating Cancer Cells
Soy isoflavones are a particularly powerful phytonutrient. Learn more about their breast cancer-fighting possibilities:
And for more on lignans and cancer:
- Flax Seeds & Breast Cancer Survival: Epidemiological Evidence
- Flax Seeds & Breast Cancer Prevention
- Flax Seeds & Breast Cancer Survival: Clinical Evidence
And see my other videos on cancer.
Also check out my associated blog posts: Stool Size and Breast Cancer Risk and Breast Cancer and Diet.
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